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Headwords with part of speech and a plain-language definition.

agua: Water. Takes "el" in the singular for pronunciation (el agua) despite being feminine, but "las aguas" in the plural.
amigo: Friend. Feminine form: amiga. Plural: amigos/amigas.
casa: House, home. Plural: casas.
coche: Car (Spain). Plural: coches. In Latin America, carro or auto is more common.
comer: To eat. A regular -er verb: como, comes, come…
decir: To say, to tell. Irregular: digo, dices, dice, decimos, decís, dicen.
día: Day. Plural: días. One of the few -a nouns that is masculine.
gato: Cat. Plural: gatos. Feminine form: gata.
gracias: Thank you. Can be intensified as muchas gracias (thank you very much).
grande: Big, large, great. Same form for masculine and feminine. Shortens to gran before a singular noun (un gran día).
hacer: To do, to make. Irregular: hago, haces, hace, hacemos, hacéis, hacen.
hermoso: Beautiful. Feminine: hermosa. Bonito/bonita is a common, slightly more casual synonym.
hola: Hello. The standard, all-purpose greeting.
ir: To go. Highly irregular: voy, vas, va, vamos, vais, van.
mundo: World. Also appears in todo el mundo (everyone).
noche: Night. Plural: noches.
pan: Bread. Plural: panes.
pequeño: Small, little. Feminine: pequeña.
tiempo: Time; also weather. Plural: tiempos.
ver: To see. Irregular: veo, ves, ve, vemos, veis, ven.