desvenar

To devein — most commonly used in cooking for removing the digestive tract from shrimp (desvenar camarones), but also used for stripping the central rib/vein from tobacco leaves or removing mineral veins in mining contexts. The culinary sense is by far the most common in everyday speech.

• Hay que desvenar los camarones antes de cocinarlos. — You need to devein the shrimp before cooking them.
• Ella desvenó cada gamba con mucho cuidado. — She deveined each shrimp very carefully.
• En la fábrica de tabaco, desvenan las hojas a mano. — At the tobacco factory, they strip the leaves' central vein by hand.

Not recognizing desvenar as a standard cooking instruction — recipes involving shrimp or prawns use it constantly, and it's essential vocabulary for anyone following Spanish-language recipes.