chilenizar

To give something Chilean characteristics, or specifically to bring foreign-owned assets under Chilean state control — most notably in the historical process known as the chilenización del cobre ("Chileanization of copper"), when Eduardo Frei Montalva's government acquired majority stakes in US-owned copper mines starting in 1966, a precursor to Salvador Allende's full nationalization in 1971.

• El gobierno buscó chilenizar la industria minera. — The government sought to bring the mining industry under Chilean control.
• La ley chilenizó parte de las minas de cobre. — The law brought part of the copper mines under Chilean ownership.
• El plan de chilenizar el cobre se firmó en 1966. — The plan to Chileanize copper was signed in 1966.

Confusing chilenizar (bring under Chilean ownership/control) with nacionalizar (full nationalization) — historically these were distinct, sequential steps: chilenización under Frei Montalva, full nationalization under Allende.

• politics Chilenización del cobre — The 1966 policy (Law 16.425) under President Eduardo Frei Montalva by which the Chilean state acquired majority ownership of US-owned copper mines including Chuquicamata and El Teniente — the precursor to Salvador Allende's full 1971 nationalization of the copper industry.