amotinar

To incite a mutiny or riot; overwhelmingly used reflexively, amotinarse, for troops, sailors, or prisoners rising up against authority — la tripulación se amotinó contra el capitán. It carries a specific sense of organized revolt against a legitimate chain of command.

• Los marineros se amotinaron por falta de comida. — The sailors mutinied over the lack of food.
• Un oficial intentó amotinar a la guarnición. — An officer tried to incite the garrison to mutiny.
• Los presos se amotinaron y tomaron el patio. — The prisoners rioted and took over the yard.

Using amotinarse for any protest or complaint — it specifically implies organized rebellion against authority (military, naval, or penal), not a general demonstration.

Often confused with sublevarse.

• politics Motín de Aranjuez (1808) — One of Spanish history's best-known mutinies: on March 17-19, 1808, the population of Aranjuez rose up (se amotinó) against Manuel Godoy, forcing his removal and Charles IV's abdication in favor of Ferdinand VII — a pivotal event leading into the Peninsular War.